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3D Printing of Ceramic Bone Grafts with Different Internal Architecture
Novotná, Lenka ; Sekora, Jiří (referee) ; Provazník, Ivo (advisor)
Bioceramics in the form of scaffolds hold great promise in bone tissue regeneration. While the scaffold composition is important for biocompatibility, the internal architecture plays a key role in allowing proper cell penetration, nutrient diffusion, bone ingrowth, vascularization as well as mechanical properties. A solid freeform fabrication is a promising processing technique, allowing to study structural parameters independently. This bachelor thesis is focused on ceramic bone replacements with different internal structure. The thesis is divided into 8 chapters. The first four chapters briefly summarize the current state of the art in the following fields: bone structure, requirements for synthetic bone replacements, scaffold architecture, and fabrication methods with an emphasis on 3D printing. The next chapters deal with experimental part. The image analysis of mouse skeleton was performed. On the basis of the measured pore size (50 200 m) and according to the literature search, 16 structures with various shape, curvature and pore size were designed. The CAD models were printed by a stereolithography from a tricalcium phosphate dispersion. Sintered ceramic scaffolds exhibited an ideal structure for application in bone tissue engineering. Scaffolds contained both interconnected macro- and micropores of optimal sizes up to 500 m and about 3 m, respectively. The results confirm that stereolithography is suitable, and compared to others, precise method for preparing scaffolds having different internal structures. The individual structural characteristics influencing the scaffold behaviour will be possible to study independently to each other. And thus improve the scientific knowledge in the field of treatment of large segmental bone defects.
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Histology of bone tissue in anthropological applications
Valíková, Zuzana ; Sládek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Cagáňová, Veronika (referee)
Bone is a hard mineralized structure forming the body support. The histological arrangement consists of bone cells (osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts) and extracellular matrix. Arrangement of bone in vertebrates is different. We can distinguish the bones that occur in humans. As acellular bone. Or bones that in humans, occurring only a few - such as pneumatized bones. To research human bones using different animal models and each has its typical use. Key words: Bone tissue, histology, bone structure, animal models
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Histology of bone tissue in anthropological applications
Valíková, Zuzana ; Sládek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Cagáňová, Veronika (referee)
Bone is a hard mineralized structure forming the body support. The histological arrangement consists of bone cells (osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts) and extracellular matrix. Arrangement of bone in vertebrates is different. We can distinguish the bones that occur in humans. As acellular bone. Or bones that in humans, occurring only a few - such as pneumatized bones. To research human bones using different animal models and each has its typical use. Key words: Bone tissue, histology, bone structure, animal models
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3D Printing of Ceramic Bone Grafts with Different Internal Architecture
Novotná, Lenka ; Sekora, Jiří (referee) ; Provazník, Ivo (advisor)
Bioceramics in the form of scaffolds hold great promise in bone tissue regeneration. While the scaffold composition is important for biocompatibility, the internal architecture plays a key role in allowing proper cell penetration, nutrient diffusion, bone ingrowth, vascularization as well as mechanical properties. A solid freeform fabrication is a promising processing technique, allowing to study structural parameters independently. This bachelor thesis is focused on ceramic bone replacements with different internal structure. The thesis is divided into 8 chapters. The first four chapters briefly summarize the current state of the art in the following fields: bone structure, requirements for synthetic bone replacements, scaffold architecture, and fabrication methods with an emphasis on 3D printing. The next chapters deal with experimental part. The image analysis of mouse skeleton was performed. On the basis of the measured pore size (50 200 m) and according to the literature search, 16 structures with various shape, curvature and pore size were designed. The CAD models were printed by a stereolithography from a tricalcium phosphate dispersion. Sintered ceramic scaffolds exhibited an ideal structure for application in bone tissue engineering. Scaffolds contained both interconnected macro- and micropores of optimal sizes up to 500 m and about 3 m, respectively. The results confirm that stereolithography is suitable, and compared to others, precise method for preparing scaffolds having different internal structures. The individual structural characteristics influencing the scaffold behaviour will be possible to study independently to each other. And thus improve the scientific knowledge in the field of treatment of large segmental bone defects.
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